Sua Sponte: An act of the court of its own accord, without any request from either party. Litigation: Legal proceedings in which the rights, obligations and obligations of the parties are determined. Contributory negligence: The doctrine that a person cannot obtain compensation for bodily injury if his negligence contributed to the cause of the injury. This doctrine has largely been replaced by the doctrine of comparative negligence. Limitation period: The law that sets the time within which a claim must be filed and after which it is forever barred. Specific benefit: A remedy available to an aggrieved party if the remedy is inadequate, under which a defendant may be required to pay under the terms of a contract instead of paying damages. Option: An open offer to sell that must be accepted by the option beneficiary under the terms of the option, and if it is not accepted within the specified time, the right to do so will be forfeited. Immunity: An exemption from prosecution for a witness to answer questions that might otherwise not be disclosed because of the constitutional privilege of self-incrimination. Relevance: The test was applied to the quality of the evidence to determine whether it is appropriate to prove a disputed fact. Opening statement: An overview of the expected evidence presented to the jury at the beginning of a trial. If you need help defining a legal word or phrase, visit FindLaw`s legal dictionary for free access to over 8,000 definitions of legal terms. Continuation: Temporary suspension or postponement of legal proceedings. Trade secret: Any formula, process, plan or mechanism developed and used in relation to a business and kept private or secret in order to gain an advantage over competitors.
Rejection with prejudice: rejection of an action on the merits that leaves nothing to the court to rule and that has the force of final judgment. Unjust enrichment: The doctrine that a person should not be allowed to improperly obtain or use another person`s actions and efforts without compensation. Over the past six months, our series on this jargon, legal language from A to Z, has spanned almost the entire alphabet, one letter at a time. In this final part, we look at some interesting parts of the legal language of each of the last three letters of the alphabet, “X”, “Y” and “Z”: Ex post Facto: After the fact; A law that is enacted after the performance of an act and that makes it retroactively illegal. Such laws are prohibited by the U.S. Constitution. The patient is injected with positrons and then, once the positrons have become effective, glucose is administered by intravenous infusion. When sugar reaches the brain, the analysis measures normal patterns of abnormal use.
MRIs are particularly effective in diagnosing traumatic brain injury and other abnormalities affecting brain tissue. Its use is not limited to the brain, and MRIs are often used to diagnose problems with the spine, eyes, liver, kidneys, pancreas, pelvic structures, temporomandibular joint, liver and spleen, pericardium, heart and various joints. Guardian: A person who has been entrusted by law with custody and control of the person or property of a ward. Long-gun status: Law that allows residents of different states to conduct and prosecute in the forum state on the basis of contacts with the forum state. For cause: with sufficient legal justification to take action. As the technical language used by lawyers, legal language contains a number of complicated, curious, and sometimes confusing legal terms and expressions. Privacy right: A universally recognized right to be left alone and to live one`s life free from unwarranted advertising or interference. The interference with the right to privacy may give rise to a cause of action or tort. Legal incapacity: lack of sufficient legal, physical or mental strength to perform an act. Interpleader: A lawsuit brought by a party facing competing claims against property that is in its possession but does not own it, and in which the court is asked to determine the rights to the property. Stare Dicisis: The general rule that courts respect previous decisions and precedents and apply the same principles in each case.
Case law: The collective legal system, including jurisprudence; the philosophy of law. Testimony: The testimony of a witness or party under oath in a judicial proceeding or testimony. Indispensable party: A person who has an interest in the subject matter of a dispute such that a final judgment cannot be rendered or rendered without that person being a party to the dispute. Question of fact: A question of fact submitted to the jury or judge in a court case for decision. Representative: One who acts with the permission of another; an agent. Factor: A person entrusted with the possession of goods for sale on behalf of letter carriers. A postman is someone who receives goods from a client and sells them for a commission. Time is essential: a contractual clause that sets the time of execution and sets the time as critical, so that non-performance within this period constitutes a delay. Res Judicata: Latin: One thing has decided. The doctrine that an issue that has already been decided by a court is conclusive and not subject to a new trial.
Whiplash: A soft tissue injury to the neck or back usually associated with rear-end collisions. Standard of care: What a reasonably prudent person would do in the same circumstances. Failure to meet the standard of care will result in a party`s liability for damages caused to an injured party. Civil rights: The right to enjoy life, liberty and the pursuit of happiness, including constitutional rights such as freedom of expression and religion, without discrimination of treatment on the basis of race, colour, sex, age, religion, prior servitude or national origin. Product liability: An area of law that deals with the liability of manufacturers or sellers of goods that cause harm or injury to consumers. Fraud Status: The requirement that certain types of contracts be written to be enforceable. Examples include contracts for the purchase or sale of land and contracts which, because of their terms, cannot be executed within one year. We currently have no legal defense term listed beginning with the letter Z. Judgment: A final decision of a court; the official decision of the court.
Out-of-pocket expenses: Costs necessarily incurred to initiate civil proceedings or protect rights or property until a court has rendered a decision. Strict liability: liability that arises without prior proof of fault or negligence. For example, many states impose strict liability on pet owners who cause damage or injury. Lawyer: A person who provides legal advice, assistance or reasoning on behalf of a party before a court or tribunal; a lawyer. Rejection: The voluntary recusal or withdrawal of a judge from an ongoing proceeding due to an appearance of bias or lack of impartiality. Consolidate: Merge into multiple lawsuits with identical parties or issues. As with X-rays, CT scans are not limited to a single area of the body, but are used everywhere. Judge Advocate: An officer of a court martial who may act as a clerk, prosecutor and/or legal counsel to the court. Suspension: Temporary suspension of legal proceedings by court order.
Remedy: recourse to damages or claim legal action. The patient is injected with tiny positrons that make it visible to a computer that the brain is working when it uses or does not use glucose or sugar properly. See: The process of questioning potential jurors by the court or lawyers to determine their qualifications to serve as jurors and to uncover biases or conflicts of interest. Execute: To complete a legal document, such as by signing it. Jurisdiction: The power and authority of a court to hear and decide a case. Gross negligence: An act of negligence committed intentionally or intentionally with conscious indifference to the consequences. Objection: Requests the court to declare that the examination, proceeding or evidence is inadmissible and should not be accepted by the court. Non-action: The voluntary or involuntary setting aside of a claim by or against a plaintiff who is unable to prove his or her case or go to court. Often, a non-action is the result of procedural errors in a case. Ex parte: Request or communication to the court without notice and outside the presence of an opposing party.